野外超滤膜净水装置的研制及实验效果评价

摘要

Objective To design a kind of ultrafiltration membrane purifier which can be carried easily and can be used to get clean drinking water quickly by clearing natural water in the wild. Methods The purifier is made up of PP cotton, ultrafiltration membrane and absorbent materials, and its power is from pushing piston rod. The purified water is assessed by testing turbidity, total bacteria, coliform group and so on. Results The filter water cleared by this purifier has no smell and tastes good (Total coliform (cfu.100ml-1) =0, COD of total bacteria>99% and turbidity ≤3NTU). Conclusion This purifier has advantages of low cost, light weight and small size. And it’s easy to be operated and carried. The filter water cleared by this purifier can be drinked directly as its indicators have meet the standards of safe water. This device is particularly suitable to be used in the wild where the water quality is poor.%　　目的研制一款在野外条件下，便于携行并能快速净化天然水的超滤膜净水装置。方法以手压活塞杆为动力，采用PP棉、超滤膜及吸附材料为净化单元，构成净水装置。通过实验就净水的浊度、细菌总数、大肠菌群等指标进行检测，以评价其净水效果。结果经过本装置滤过的天然水均无异味，口感好，大肠杆菌群（cfu.100 mL-1）未检出，总菌群去除率＞99%，浊度≤3NTU。结论本净水装置成本低、质量轻、体积小、便于携带、操作简便，滤过水达到了《生活饮用水卫生标准》，特别适宜在野外生存和工作时，水质较差的情况下使用。