The ultrasonic scalpel has been widely used in endoscopy and laparotomy, replacing some traditional surgical instruments, including electric knife and so on, to complete the cutting and hemostasis of soft tissue. Compared with the traditional surgical instruments, the ultrasonic scalpel has the advantages of the integration of cutting and hemostasis, the shorter cutting time, the smaller heat damage and the less smog in the operation. At present, the general working frequency of domestic ultrasonic surgical scalpel is selected at 55.5 kHz, but there is no report on the theoretical research of the frequency selection. The influence factors of the cutting speed and coagulation hemostasis of ultrasonic scalpel, such as the vibration frequency was analyzed qualitatively from the theoretical point of view in this paper. Then, the ultrasonic scalpel system with different vibration frequencies was designed, and the results of related theoretical analysis were verified by animal experiments. Animal experiments showed that with the increase of vibration frequency, ultrasonic scalpel cutting speed was accelerating first and slowing down then, at the same time, the coagulation of soft tissue was better. Considering the performance optimization of combined ultrasonic scalpel cutting speed and coagulation hemostasis, the vibration frequency of ultrasound knife should be selected at 55.5 kHz.%超声手术刀被广泛应用于腔镜以及开腹手术中,替代部分传统手术器械包括电刀等,完成软组织的切割止血.相较于传统手术器械,超声手术刀具有切割凝闭一体化、切割时间短、热损伤小、手术烟雾少等优势.目前国内厂家的外超声手术刀一般工作频率选择在55.5 kHz,但是关于该工作频率选择的理论研究基本没有相关报告.本文主要从理论角度定性的分析了超声手术刀的振动频率对超声手术刀的切割速度与凝固止血的影响,然后实际设计了不同振动频率的超声手术刀系统,并通过动物实验对相关理论分析进行了验证.动物实验结果表明随着振动频率的增加,超声手术刀切割速度先加快后减慢,同时其对软组织的凝固止血效果越好.综合超声手术刀切割速度与凝固止血两方面性能优化,超声手术刀振动频率应选择为55.5 kHz.
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