A solid base catalyst supported on bentonite was introduced and used in the transesterification process for biodiesel production. The catalyst was prepared by adsorbing sodium hydroxide into the layers of semi-dried alkaline Ca-bentonite. The results of single factor experiments for catalyst preparation showed that the optimum conditions are: the mass ratio of NaOH and alkaline Ca-bentonite is 0.6, the loading time is 18 h, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the OH~- contained in alkaline Ca-bentonite is 1.5 mmol·g~(-1), respectively, with which the loading amount of NaOH is 4.10 mmol·g~(-1). The transesterification conversion to biodiesel can be reached to 97.4% with the prepared catalyst, and the obtained biodiesel is no need to wash, which can avoid the release of a large amount of waste water and protect environment from being polluted.%提出了一种负载型膨润土固体碱催化剂的制备方法,并将此催化剂用于生物柴油合成的酯交换反应.该催化剂通过碱性钙基膨润土在半千条件下负载氢氧化钠制得.催化剂制备的单因素实验结果表明:当氢氧化钠与碱性钙基膨润土的质量配比为0.6、负载时间为18 h、温度为60℃及碱性钙基膨润土中OH-含量为1.5 mmol/g时,催化剂中氢氧化钠负载量达到4.10mmol/g.将该催化剂用于生物柴油酯交换反应,反应转化率可达97.4%,反应完成后生物柴油无需洗涤,避免了三废的大量排放,减少了对环境的污染.
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