磺酸盐型低聚表面活性剂具有良好的界面活性及耐温抗盐等性能而广受国内外学者关注。本文基于亲油亲水基团的3种引入方法：单体联接法、疏水链加入法及极性头基加入法，重点综述了近十年来磺酸盐型低聚表面活性剂的合成，简要介绍了产物的表/界面张力、临界胶束浓度等物化性质以及乳化降黏、杀菌和驱油等应用性能。指出应注重产品结构与性能关系研究，通过分子设计开发性价比优异的新型磺酸盐低聚表面活性剂，优化合成工艺，加强与其它类型表面活性剂、聚合物组成的驱油体系研究，以实现其在三次采油中的工业应用。%Sulfonate oligomeric surfactants have attracted considerable interest because of their excellent interface activities,salt resistance and temperature tolerance. The paper was aimed to review the synthesis of sulfonate oligomeric surfactants based on three introducing methods (monomer connecting method,introducing hydrophobic chains or polar heads) of hydrophile and lipophilic groups in last decades,and to briefly introduce its physicochemical properties (surface/interface tension, critical micelle concentration,etc) and application performances,including emulsion visbreaking, bactericidal activity , and displacement efficiency. It shows increased researches on the structure-function relationship of the sulfonate oligomeric surfactants for developing novel products with wide excellent cost-effective performance by molecule design method. The synthesis process of sulfonate oligomeric surfactants and the displacement systems consisting of the product,other types of surfactants,and polymer should be optimized for its industrial applications in the tertiary oil recovery.
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