厌氧内循环反应器的结构、应用与优化

摘要

As one of the third-generation of anaerobic bioreactors,anaerobic internal circulation (IC) bioreactor has as advantages in high volume efficiency,energy saving,small floor area and high height/diameter ratio. It has become an important technology in high concentration organic wastewater treatment in recent years. This paper introduced the configuration principle and hydraulic characteristics of IC reactor. The configuration of IC reactor is equivalent to two of up flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) series,with internal circulation. The hydraulic characteristics include two important parameters as up-flow velocity and system pressure drop. The start-up,substrates inhibition characteristic,and applications of IC reactor was overviewed. The prospect of IC reactor to treat livestock wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen was analyzed. The optimization orientation of IC reactor’s configuration and process was also discussed.%厌氧内循环（IC）反应器是第三代厌氧反应器的典型代表之一，具有容积效能高、节省能源、占地面积小、高径比大等特点，近年来逐渐在我国高浓度有机废水处理领域崭露头角。本文阐述了IC反应器的结构原理和水力特性，其结构相当于两个升流式污泥床（UASB）反应器串联，并具有内循环结构，水力特性包括升流速度和系统压降两个重要参数；概述了IC反应器的启动，其启动周期一般为3~6个月，增加污泥浓度可实现快速启动；介绍了IC反应器的底物抑制特性，其表现出一定氨氮耐受性；综述了该反应器的工程应用，论述了其在畜禽类高氨氮废水的处理潜力，并提出了IC反应器结构与工艺的优化方向。