沸石分子筛催化甲苯和叔丁醇烷基化反应的研究进展

摘要

Alkylation of toluene with t-butylalcohol over zeolite to prepare 4-t-butyltoluene is a new technological process. Researchers have paid much attention to this new process because of low raw materials price,high-selectivity for 4-tert-butyltoluene,and products easy to separate. The research progress of reaction mechanism of tert-butylation of toluene,zeolite molecular sieve catalyst and its modification is reviewed. The effects of heteropoly acid,metallic oxide,metallic ion and alkali modification on catalytic performance of zeolite molecular sieve catalyst for tert-butylation of toluene are elaborated. On the basis of maintaining high selectivity and activity,increasing stability of catalyst to make it valuable in industrial application will be the research focus for tert-butylation of toluene in the future.%沸石分子筛催化甲苯叔丁醇烷基化反应合成对叔丁基甲苯是一条新的工艺路线，由于其原料价格低廉、对叔丁基甲苯选择性高、产物易分离等特点，因而受到国内外学者的极大关注。本文综述了甲苯叔丁基化反应的机理、沸石分子筛催化剂及其改性方面的最新研究进展。重点阐述了杂多酸改性、金属氧化物改性、金属离子改性以及碱改性对沸石分子筛催化甲苯叔丁基化反应性能的影响。指出在保持分子筛高选择性、高活性的基础上，提高分子筛催化剂稳定性及寿命，使其具备工业应用价值，是未来甲苯叔丁基化技术的研究重点。