基于可聚合离子液体的功能高分子材料研究进展

摘要

Polymerizable ionic liquids (ILs) with unsaturated carbon double bond on anions or cations become functional monomers which can be polymerized or co-polymerized to form macromolecular materials. This review described the research progress of polymerizable ionic liquids-based stimuli-sensitive polymer , macromolecular dispersant , electricity conductive polymer , liquids absorbent polymer,gas adsorption polymer,macromolecular catalyst,novel carbon materials,porous polymer,biomedical materials,chromatographic stationary phasematerials and microwave-absorbent materials,and the comprehensive applications of polymerizable ionic liquids-based polymer were prospected as the result of design ability and ionization property of functional monomers.%阳离子或阴离子带不饱和键、可发生均聚或共聚反应的离子液体可用于合成高分子材料。本文综述了可聚合离子液体合成的智能响应性材料、高分子分散剂、导电高分子材料、吸液保液材料、气体吸收材料、高分子催化剂、新型碳材料、多孔材料、生物医用高分子材料、色谱分离材料、微波吸收材料的合成、性能及应用的研究进展，提出可聚合离子液体的种类多、阴离子与阳离子的组合具有可设计性、离子液体具有特殊的电离属性，可赋予主链含离子液体结构单元的高分子材料具有特殊的性能，在诸多领域具有潜在的应用前景。