综述了近几年纳米材料对水性聚氨酯的改性研究，包括天然高分子纳米材料改性、黏土矿石类纳米材料改性、纳米碳素材料改性、金属与金属氧化物纳米材料改性。化学改性能提高纳米材料与聚合物基质间的相容性，有利于得到稳定的复合乳液。物理共混改性能更好地将纳米材料的优异特性赋予复合材料。在水性聚氨酯中均匀分散的纳米粒子可以显著提高复合材料的热稳定性与力学性能。开发高效实用的纳米材料有机化改性技术和优化复合材料的制备工艺将是未来制备高性能水性聚氨酯纳米复合材料的发展趋势。%Research progress of waterborne polyurethane modified by nanomaterials,such as natural polymer nanomaterials,clay and mineral nanomaterials,carbon nanomaterials,metal and metal oxide nanomaterials is summarized. Compatibility between nanomaterials and polymer matrix can be improved by chemical modification,which is beneficial to obtain stable hybrid emulsions. Physical blending modification can endow composites more excellent properties of nanomaterials. Nano- particles uniformly dispersed in waterborne polyurethane matrix can significantly improve thermal stability and mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Efficient and practical organic modification technology of nanomaterials and optimization of production technology of nanocomposites will be the development trend to obtain high performance nanocomposites in the future.
展开▼
