概述了国内外以CaCl2为助剂分解钾长石制备氯化钾的研究历史及现状。以四川宝兴钾长石资源为例，从工艺过程的反应原理、资源消耗、能量消耗、环境相容性和产品方案等方面，对比分析了CaCl2高温活化钾长石矿化CO2联产氯化钾工艺（高温固碳法）与水热碱法分解钾长石制取硫酸钾工艺（水热碱法）。结果表明，两种工艺分解钾长石在原理上均可行，但高温固碳法的资源消耗、能量消耗和CO2排放量分别为水热碱法的1.59倍、2.45倍和4.10倍；高温固碳法除产品氯化钾外，需排放大量含氯化氢气体的有毒尾气及固碳尾渣，而水热碱法的副产品均为高附加值产品，三废排放接近于零。高温固碳法的固碳效率低，所固化 CO2仅相当于因固碳而消耗能量所排放CO2总量的11.9%。因此，高温固碳技术距实际工程应用尚十分遥远。%The research history and current situations of preparation of potassium chloride from K-feldspar with calcium chloride as additive agent is reviewed in this paper. Utilizing the K-feldspar derived from Baoxing county of Sichuan province as raw material,we evaluated and compared two processes of high temperature activation K-feldspar to fix carbon and hydrothermal alkaline decomposition K-feldspar from the perspectives of reaction principle,resource consumption,energy consumption,environmental compatibility and products. The results showed that both processes are feasible in principle,but the resource consumption,energy consumption and CO2 emission by calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process is 1.59 times,2.45 times and 4.10 times of those by hydrothermal alkaline method,respectively. The calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process produces KCl products as well as a large amount of hydrochloric acid and solid waste,while the hydrothermal alkaline method could completely transform the K2O,Al2O3 and SiO2 in K-feldspar of the ores into valuable products and thus maximize the utilization of K-feldspar resources,and minimize the consumption of relevant mineral resources. What’s more,the calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process has low efficiency of carbon fixation,and the fixed carbon is even less than that discharged due to the energy consumption for fix carbon. Therefore,the calcination K-feldspar forcarbon fixation process is still far from the practical engineering application.
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