It has been a hot topic in the study of chemical separation process to strengthen the chemical separation technology and to realize the energy conservation and emission reduction in the separation process. The study of separation processes enhanced by microwave field is very active in recent years. In this paper,the mechanism of microwave on matters were explained,and the advantages and characteristics of microwave heating compared with conventional heating were discussed. The strengthening effects and application progress of microwave field in extraction,drying, desorption/adsorption,distillation and reactive distillation separation process were introduced systematically,and the strengthening mechanisms of microwave field in these separation processes were summarized and analyzed. The analysis showed that the application of microwave in chemical separation process had the characteristics of high heating speed,high product quality,low energy consumption and easy-control production process. Moreover,the lack of research of microwave in the field of distillation/evaporation and reactive distillation was pointed out. In addition,this paper suggested that a lot of experiments and the corresponding theoretical support were needed to verify whether the microwave was beneficial to the distillation process or reactive distillation process.Meanwhile,the development of microwave in the field of separation was analyzed and forecasted.%优化化工分离技术、实现化工分离过程的节能减排，一直是化工分离过程研究的热门课题。近年来，微波场强化分离过程的研究非常活跃。本文阐述了微波对物质的作用机理以及微波加热较普通加热的优势与特点；系统介绍了微波场在萃取、精馏、干燥、脱附/吸附、蒸馏和反应精馏等分离过程的强化效果和应用进展，并分析总结了微波场在这些分离过程中的强化机理，分析表明将微波应用于化工分离过程具有加热速度快、产品质量高、耗能低和易于控制等特点；同时指出微波在分离过程特别是蒸馏/蒸发和反应精馏领域研究的欠缺，提出对于微波是否对蒸馏/蒸发或反应精馏过程具有强化作用还需要大量的实验验证和相应的理论支撑；最后本文对微波在分离领域的发展作了分析与展望。
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