Vanadium dioxide is a thermochromic functional material that undergoes a reversible metal-insulator phase transition at near room temperature. This phase change is accompanied by a marked change in resistivity and infrared emissivity. Vanadium dioxide materials are of important research value and potential application prospects. Thermochromic properties of vanadium dioxide and the regulation of its phase transition temperature are reviewed. Since the infrared radiation intensity of vanadium dioxide could be controlled by reducing its infrared emissivity actively,the research progress of vanadium dioxide thin films and powders in the infrared camouflage and stealth technology are summarized. Besides,tha application of vanadium dioxide for infrared camouflage stealth is also simulated and analyzed. Finally,it is proposed that the preparation of high purity single phase vanadium dioxide powders,the increase of thermally induced emissivity changes of vanadium dioxide, comprehensive study of the mid-IR and far-IR characteristics,and visible/infrared compatible camouflage will be the trends of future research.%二氧化钒是一种具有热致相变性质的功能材料,其相变温度接近于室温,在相变温度处发生金属-绝缘体转变并伴有电阻率和红外发射率的突变,具有重要的研究价值和潜在的应用前景.本文综述了二氧化钒的热致相变特性和相变温度的调控方法.基于二氧化钒可以主动降低红外发射率,控制自身红外辐射强度,总结了二氧化钒薄膜和粉体在红外伪装隐身中的研究进展,并对二氧化钒用于红外伪装隐身情形进行了模拟分析.最后提出了制备高纯单相二氧化钒纳米粉体、增加二氧化钒涂层的热致变发射率突变量、系统研究二氧化钒的中远红外特性以及实现可见/红外兼容伪装等方面是今后的发展趋势.
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