大肠杆菌调控因子工程及其菌株耐受性研究进展

摘要

大肠杆菌具有金字塔式的基因表达等级调控网络,调控因子的自动调控、共调控和交叉调控,构成了复杂而又精细的转录调控网络.微生物通过扰动和优化这个高效的调控网络快速地响应环境变化,而适应新的耐受条件.微生物的耐受性是由多基因控制的复杂表型,通过大肠杆菌调控因子工程,可以大尺度重构调控网络,显著改进菌株耐受性,成为了近几年的研究热点.本文总结了大肠杆菌调控因子及其工程方法,综述了通过大肠杆菌调控因子工程重构代谢网络来提高菌株耐受性的最新研究进展,展望了通过大肠杆菌调控因子工程提高菌株鲁棒性的发展方向.%Escherichia coli (E.coli) has intricate pyramid-shaped hierarchical regulatory networks regulated by regulators. The auto-regulation, co-regulation, and cross-talk regulation among regulators further complicate this regulatory network. Microbes can quickly respond to transitory environmental changes and optimize their metabolism to adapt to new conditions by modifying this intricate and efficient transcriptional regulatory network. In recent years, more and more researchers pay attention to engineer regulators of E. coli to improve its stress tolerance. This paper summarized the regulators of E. coli and their engineering methods, and reviewed the current state-of-the-art stress tolerance improvement with E. coli induced by rewriting its metabolic network through regulator engineering. While current regulator engineering mainly focuses on limited global regulators, novel engineering tools are needed to be developed and more regulators should be mutated for their corresponding genotype-phenotype analysis for further robust strain construction.