Shanghai Institute of Immunology;
Department of Immunology and Microbiology;
and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and Differentiation;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine;
Shanghai 200025;
China;
Department of Tumor Biology;
Shanghai Chest Hospital;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine;
Shanghai 200025;
China;
Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology;
Department of Gastroenterology;
Ruijin Hospital;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine;
Shanghai 200025;
China;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine–Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism;
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine;
Shanghai;
China;
Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province;
Xiangya Hospital;
Central South University;
Changsha;
China;
mTOR; Sin1; CD8^(+)T cell; T-cell memory; T-cell exhaustion;