2015年北京市学龄前儿童乳牙龋现况及10年变化(2005～2015)

摘要

目的 了解2015年北京市3～5岁儿童乳牙龋现况,并纵向分析2005～2015年10年间5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况的变化.方法 参照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,北京地区扩大样本量,随机抽取3、4、5岁儿童各972人,检查乳牙患龋状况.纵向分析北京市2005～2015年10年间7次口腔流行病学调查5岁组儿童乳牙患龋状况.结果 北京市2015年3、4、5岁儿童乳牙患龋率分别为38.4％、52.3％、61.0％,龋均分别为1.41、2.24、2.92,龋补充填比分别为14.7％、21.3％、30.1％.10年内5岁儿童乳牙龋呈现先上升后下降的趋势.5岁儿童乳牙患龋率,2005～2011年上升18.8％(P<0.001),2011～2015年下降12.4％(P<0.001).5岁儿童龋补充填比从2011年的19.3％上升到2015年的30.1％,上升55.6％(P<0.001).结论 2015年北京市儿童乳牙龋患龋率保持在较高水平,且近10年来乳牙患龋状况呈现先上升后下降的趋势,乳牙龋治疗率有显著上升,乳牙龋的防控形势依然严峻.%Objective To investigate the caries prevalence of 3-5 year-old children in Beijing and the trends from 2005 to 2015.Methods Cross-sectional study according to the 4th national oral health epidemiology survey methods was conducted in 2015.The sample size for 3-, 4-and 5-year old was 972 respectively.Results The prevalence of early childhood caries for 3-, 4-and 5-year old was 38.4％, 52.3％, and 61.0％ respectively, and the dmft was 1.41, 2.24, 2.92.The filling rate of caries teeth was 14.7％, 21.3％, and 30.1％.The caries trend increased first and then decreased from 2005 to 2015.The caries prevalence increased 18.8％ from 2005 to 2011(P<0.001), and decreased 12.4％ from 2011 to 2015(P<0.001).The filling rate of caries teeth increased 55.6％(P<0.001), from 19.3％ in 2005 to 30.1％ in 2015.Conclusion The preschool children caries in Beijing was high and the trend increased and then slightly decreased during the past decade.The treatment rate was increased dramatically.