绿色环保型太阳能循环水系统阻垢剂的合成及性能研究

摘要

以丙烯酸(AA)、马来酸酐(MA)和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)为反应单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法,合成一种多官能团太阳能循环水多元共聚阻垢剂.通过静态沉淀抑制法考察了用量、Ca2+浓度、水温及含水量对三元共聚物的阻垢性能的影响.结果表明,共聚物投加量4 mg/L,80℃时,对CaCO3的阻垢率达到92.4％,钙离子浓度大于360 mg/L时,阻垢率依然能维持在85％以上;90℃时阻垢效果稳定在85％以上,在冷凝点不同的循环水系统中,阻垢效果稳定在80％以上.通过凝胶色谱仪测定共聚物分子量为1394,属于分布较窄的过渡区分子量共聚物.红外光谱分析表明,共聚物结构中存在羧基、酯基、酰胺基等阻垢官能团,协同起到稳定的阻垢效果.扫描电子显微镜对碳酸钙晶体分析表明,晶格畸变和络合增溶是阻垢的主要机理.%Acrylic acid (AA),maleic anhydride (MA)and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)as reac-tion monomers,ammonium persulfate as initiator and water free radical polymerization method to synthe-size a multi-functional group solar water copolymer scale inhibitor. The influence of content,Ca2 + concen-tration,the water temperature and water content on the scale inhibition performance of the ternary copoly-mer was evaluated by the static precipitation inhibition method. The result showed that the copolymer dos-age was 4 mg / L,the temperature was 80 ℃,the scale inhibition rate of CaCO 3 was 92. 4％ . The ternary copolymer in the calcium ion concentration greater than 360 mg / L when the scale inhibition rate can still be maintained at 85％ . The scale inhibition effect of high temperature condition is kept above 85％,and the scale inhibition effect is kept above 80％ in the circulating water system with different condensation point. The molecular weight of the copolymer was 1394,which was determined by gel chromatography. It was found that carboxyl group,ester group,amide group and other scale-inhibiting functional groups exis-ted in the scale of the copolymer,and they cooperated with stable scale inhibition effect. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of calcium carbonate crystal lattice distortion and complex solubilization is the main mechanism of scale inhibition.