农户型“猪-沼-石榴”循环农业模式能值及经济效益

摘要

To explore the advantage of "pig-methane-pomegranate (PMP)" recycling agriculture mode,we analyzed the emergy flow characteristics,structure and comprehensive benefits of three modes of PMP using the single pomegranate planting mode (mode Ⅱ) and single pig breeding (mode Ⅲ) as references.The results show that output-input ratio of model Ⅰ was 8.49,higher than that of mode Ⅲ while next to mode Ⅱ.Emengy feedback ratio of model Ⅰ was the minimum value of 0.010.The Environmental loading ratio of model Ⅰ was the lowest,decreased by 1.647 and 0.530 compared with mode Ⅱ and mode Ⅲ,respectively.Emergy waste ratio of model Ⅰ was the lowest among the three modes.Emergy index for sustainable development of model Ⅰ had the best performance,increased by 9.823 and 8.830,respectively.Compared to the single agricultural mode,economic input-output ratio of all subsystems of model Ⅰ increased at various degrees.In summary,model Ⅰ had the high resource-using rate,low emission,low environment pressure,high sustainable development potential,high ecological and economic benefits.%以农户型“猪-沼-石榴”循环农业模式(模式Ⅰ)作为切入点,将单一石榴种植模式(模式Ⅱ)和单一生猪养殖(模式Ⅲ)作为参考,运用能值理论和方法对三种模式的结构、能值流特征、综合效益进行定量分析.结果表明:三种模式中,模式Ⅰ能值产投比(OIR)8.49,高于模式Ⅲ,低于模式Ⅱ;能值反馈率(EFR)最低0.010;环境负载率(ELR)最低,分别降低了1.647、0.530;能值废弃率(EWR)最低,降低了14.4％;系统可持续发展性能(EISD)最高,分别增加了9.823、8.830;对比单一农业模式,模式Ⅰ各子系统经济产投比在不同程度上都有所增加.综上说明该模式具有资源利用率高、低排放、环境压力小、富有活力和可持续发展潜力,生态经济综合效益佳等优势,可将农村地区生活方式由资源浪费型转变为清洁节约型.