自20世纪70年代以来，华北平原长期的地下水过量开采形成了复杂的地下水降落漏斗，并引发了一系列环境地质问题。为建立区域社会经济发展与地下水资源与环境之间的协调机制，国家973项目“华北平原地下水演变机制与调控”在大量前人研究基础上，进一步分析了近50年来地下水动力场演变特征及其对人类活动的响应，揭示了包气带结构变化影响下包气带水力参数的变化，研究了深层地下水开采引起的地面沉降、咸水移动和资源量转换机理；利用改进的地下水数值模拟技术，建立了2001-2010年华北平原地下水流数值模型，计算了最新的地下水资源量。分析了地下水资源承载力的主要影响因素，进行了华北平原地下水资源承载力定量评价，给出了华北平原地下水的优化调控途径，目前正在以高精度地下水流数值模型为核心，模拟各区的地下水优化调控方案。%The long-term overexploitation of groundwater in the North China Plain has produced complicated groundwater depression funnels and caused a series of environmental problems. To realize the harmonization between the regional economic development and the groundwater resources and environment, researchers have implemented since 2010 the project “Evolution Mechanism and Management of the Groundwater in North China”, which is a National Basic Research Program (973) of China. On the basis of numerous previous studies, the evolution of groundwater flowing field and its response to human activities in the past 50 years were analyzed, and the change of water flowing parameters and the structure of vadose zone were investigated. The evolution of ground depression, the movement of saline water bodies, and the composition of deep groundwater were studied. A high resolution numerical groundwater flow model was built up based on renewed data between 2001 and 2010 and improved groundwater modeling technologies. Based on this model, the authors calculated the up-to-date amount of groundwater resources. The groundwater resources carrying capacities (GRCC) were assessed and the main factors affecting the GRCC were analyzed. The optimizing solutions for the management of the groundwater resources in the North China Plain were put forward and were modeling by the newly-built high resolution groundwater flow model.
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