随着现代科学技术的发展和应用,海洋测量领域已先后推出了多种具有高分辨率和高采集率的新技术测量手段,如用于海底地形测量的多波束测深和机载激光测深系统.作为数据后处理软件系统的一个重要组成部分,我们急需寻求一种有效的异常数据探测方法来对采集到的海量数据进行质量检查和控制.与陆地测量相比较,海洋测量具有明显的动态效应,由于海水阻隔的原因,海洋测量不仅受大气的影响,而且受海水运动和海水物理性质的影响,因此,海洋测量具有比陆地测量更多的噪声干扰源,海洋测量出现粗差的概率也远远大于陆地测量,加上海洋测量进行重复观测比较困难,缺乏必要的几何图形检核条件,这也给解决粗差检测问题增加了一定的难度.%Blunder detection is a topic of great interest to surveyors and mappers because undetected blunders significantly distort the observed parameters, e.g., soundings. Based on an analysis of the characteristic of marine surveying, a robust method for the detection of abnormal data (include blunders) in marine measurements is proposed in this paper, which is called the robust interpolation comparison test based on robust M-estimation by an iterative calculation procedure. Some questions involved in the implement of the suggested method are discussed in detail. Compared to the existing methods, the new method has more strong capacity of locating abnormal data. A simulation study and an actual numerical example for the process of multibeam soundings are given to test the performance of the proposed method. The results have illustrated the effectiveness of the method in the detection and identification of multiple blunders. The use of the new method will play an important role in improving the quality and reliability of marine measurements in our country.
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