坦克、装甲车乘员热应激问题的解决方案

摘要

It was analyzed that heat environment in tank and armored vehicles and NBC protective clothing make crewmen be at high level of heat stress and severely weaken their survivability and fighting capacity.The research and development of air conditioning and microclimate cooling used in the tank and armored vehicles for solving the heat stress of crewmen were reviewed.The analyzed and reviewed results show that microclimate cooling is better than air conditioning in some respects of low power consumption,small size,light weight,simple technology and significant cooling effect(specially for crewmen wearing NBC protective clothing),and a best solution for the heat stress of tank and armored vehicles crewmen so far.%分析了坦克、装甲车内高温环境以及核生化防护服等因素的共同作用使得乘员经常处于高度的热应激状态,严重影响了乘员的生存和战斗力.分别综述了空调和微环境冷却方案对于减轻坦克、装甲车内乘员热应激的研究、发展状况.结论指出:微环境冷却方案较空调具有能耗低、尺寸小、重量轻、技术简单、降温效果显著(特别是对于穿着NBC防护服的乘员)等特点,是目前解决坦克、装甲车乘员热应激问题最优的方案.