地磁信号检测系统误差分析与补偿方法研究

摘要

High-precision, high-resolution magnetic signal detection is the basis of geomagnetic matching navigation. A three-axis magnetic sensor error model and the synthesis error model for hard -iron and softiron magnetic interference were built based on the analysis of the error sources of the geomagnetic signal detection system. An ellipsoid fitting correction algorithm based on the character that the geomagnetic vector is constant at a fixed point was presented. The experimental results show that the ellipsoid fitting method can suppress and compensate the errors caused by the geomagnetic sensor and the external environment effectively, including errors caused by zero offset and scale factor, nonorthogonality and misalignment errors, and the hard-iron and soft-iron magnetic interference around the geomagnetic sensor.%高精度、高分辨率地磁信号检测是地磁匹配导航的基础,在分析地磁信号检测系统误差来源的基础上,建立了三轴磁传感器自身误差以及软硬磁干扰误差综合模型,介绍了一种基于空间点地磁矢量不变的椭球拟合校准算法.通过实验比较,结果表明:该方法能有效抑制与补偿地磁信号检测误差,包括三轴磁传感器零点漂移引起的误差、标度因数不一致引起的误差、三轴磁传感器相互不正交引起的安装误差、三轴磁传感器周围软磁干扰以及硬磁干扰误差等.