气体与液体混合驱动导弹快速起竖系统研究

摘要

为提高导弹起竖速度,提出气体与液体混合驱动起竖方式,建立了高压气瓶、活塞式蓄能器、2级液压缸、气体节流阀、液体节流阀的数学模型,完成了蓄能器驱动和高压气瓶驱动起竖的仿真研究以及气体与液体混合驱动快速起竖实验.研究结果表明:两种气体与液体混合驱动方案均可实现30 s内完成起竖;蓄能器驱动方案的控制方式简单,但蓄能器内压力较高,其体积和质量较大,过多能量消耗在加热液体上,适合轻载系统;高压气瓶驱动方案分别控制气体和液体,提出了复合控制方式,起竖前段对气体进行节流降低压力,能量损失较小,起竖后段对液体进行节流,完成负载的制动;实验结果与仿真结果的偏差满足要求,位移偏差在18 mm内,压力偏差在负载起动、制动和多级缸换级时较大,应采取缓冲措施以保证平稳快速起竖.%In order to increase the erection speed of missile,an erection method based on gas-hydraulic hybrid drive is proposed.Mathematical models of high pressure gas vessel,piston accumulator,two-stage hydraulic cylinder,pneumatic throttle valve and hydraulic throttle valve are established.Simulation studies of erection driven by accumulator and gas vessel were completed,and the experiment of gas-hydraulic hybrid drive was accomplished.The results demonstrate that two gas-hydraulic hybrid drive schemes can accomplish erection process within thirty seconds.The control method of accumulator drive scheme is simple.However,the pressure inside the accumulator is high,the volume and mass of accumulator are large,and much energy is consumed in heating liquid.The accumulator is suitable for light load system.Gas and liquid are controlled separately in gas vessel drive scheme.A compound control mode is proposed.In the control mode,the gas is throttled to reduce the pressure in the first erection stage,and the liquid is throttled to complete braking load in the second erection stage.The deviation of experiment and simulation meets the system requirement.The displacement deviation is within 18 mm.The pressure deviation is large in the starting-braking period and variation period of cylinder stages.Cushion structure should be designed to ensure rapid and smooth erection.