电磁轨道炮电枢馈电位置研究

摘要

轨道炮电枢依靠馈入的脉冲大电流来产生电磁力以驱动弹丸运动.选择合适的电枢馈电位置,有利于减小电枢的启动延迟,也能够减少身管长度的冗余设计.研究了电枢馈电位置的选择对电枢启动时电磁推力的影响,理论推导分析并结合有限元/边界元数值模拟的结果表明:改变电枢的馈电位置,随着接入电路的轨道长度的增加,电枢所受电磁推力逐渐趋于饱和;对于方膛口径轨道炮,在4倍口径位置处馈电可使电枢获得99％的推力,而当轨道间距增加后,则需要在距炮尾更远处馈电方可获得绝大部分推力.分析了炮尾汇流装置对电枢馈电位置的影响,得到纵向汇流方式比横向汇流方式更有利于缩短电枢距炮尾的馈电距离.%The armature of railgun relies on the electromagnetic thrust generated by pulse current to drive a projectile.The appropriate feeding position of armature helps to reduce the startup delay of armature,and reduce the redundant length of rails.The influence of feeding position of armature on electromagnetic thrust at startup position is studied.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of hybrid finite element and boundary element method show that the electromagnetic thrust on the armature gradually approaches a saturation,with the increase in length of the rails in circuit by changing the feeding position of armature.For a square caliber railgun,the armature acquires 99％ electromagnetic thrust at the four caliber position.However,with the increase in the distance between rails,the feeding position should be far more from the breech for the armature to get the most thrust.The influence of breech buss-bar on the feeding position of armature is also analyzed.Compared with the lateral layout,the longitudinal layout is more conducive to shorten the feeding length of armature.