摄动落点预测法的快速建模与基于精度最优的分段预测控制法

摘要

快速的高精度落点预测是实现高旋弹丸弹道预测修正或制导的关键,基于基准弹道的摄动(PP)预测法能够较好地平衡计算精度与效率.为解决PP预测法难以快速适应环境与目标的问题,结合摄动理论与分步逼近法实现初始发射条件及基准弹道的快速确定,并根据理论简化推导出摄动模型参数计算方法.通过弹道仿真与无控试验验证其可行性,结果表明:该方法可快速完成发射参量计算与摄动预测建模;与修正质点弹道(MPT)预测法相比,弹道前段PP预测法预测精度较优,弹道后段略差.综合PP预测法与MPT预测法计算速度与精度特点,提出结合PP与MPT的分段预测法,经蒙特卡洛仿真,分段预测法的修正效果相较于单一的PP或MPT预测法更优.%Atstract:The rapid and accurate impact-point prediction is a key to correct or guide a high-spinning projectile,and the impact-point prediction based on perturbation(PP) with base trajectory can balance the calculation efficiency and precision.As the parameters of the perturbation model cannot be calculated rapidly with the variation in environment and target,a method combining the perturbation theory and step approximation method is proposed to calculate the proper launching parameter and base trajectory quickly;and an equation of the model parameters which can be calculated by iteration is deduced to fast modeling under arbitrary destination and condition.Simulations and uncontrolled experiment were carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.The results show that the base trajectory and perturbation model can be established.Compared with the modified point-mass trajectory (MPT) method,the predicted error of ascending trajectory of perturbation method is smaller and the predicted error of descending one is larger.Considering the characteristics of PP and MPT methods,a piecewise prediction method combining PP and MPT is proposed.According to the Monte Carlo simulation,the correcting effect of PW method is better than those of PP or MPT method.