基于简正波和波叠加法的水下非自由声场重建技术仿真研究

摘要

为了解决大型结构体声场重建过程中需要大面积的测点布放难题,提出一种可利用水平直线阵进行声场重建的计算方法.该方法通过结构体表面振速确定直线和圆形虚拟源分布,然后利用波叠加法进行声场重建.在此基础上,通过插值迭代法提高少测点条件下的重建精度.提出基于简正波原理的波叠加技术,修正了浅海信道中能量分布的不均匀性对重建结果影响.从虚拟源形状、收发距离、信号频率、水深等方面分析了声场重建性能.理论及仿真结果表明,提出的声场重建方法在非自由场环境下简单有效,联合虚拟源分布对复杂结构体的适应性较强,为今后水下复杂结构体的声场重建工程应用提供了参考和依据.%Considering that amounts of measuring points need to be laid for reconstructing the sound field of large structure,a calculation method of using a horizontal linear array to reconstruct the sound field is proposed.The distribution of circular and straight-line virtual sources is determined from the vibrating velocity of structural surface,and the sound field is reconstructed by using wave superposition method.On this basis,the interpolation iteration method is adopted to improve the reconstruction accuracy under the condition of less measuring points.The influence of the uneven distribution of energy in shallow water channel on reconstruction is corrected according to the principle of normal mode.The reconstruction performance of sound field is analyzed from the aspects of virtual source shape,transmitting or receiving distance,signal frequency and water depth.The theoretical and simulated results show that the proposed method is simple and effective for reconstruction of sound field in the non-free field environment.The distribution of complex virtual source is more adaptable to complex structures.