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Interpretation of horizontal well performance in multi-layer reservoirs by the boundary element method.

机译:边界元法解释多层油藏水平井性能。

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Pressure transient analysis for horizontal wells has gained a lot of attention recently due to the increasing number of horizontal wells. Interpretation of horizontal well test data is much more difficult than for a vertical well. Due to heterogeneity, application of single-layer models fails to interpret the reservoir properties. Numerical methods are essential for a horizontal well in multi-layer reservoir with complicated wellbore configuration and boundary conditions.; This dissertation presents a boundary element method for solving pressure transient behavior of multi-layer reservoirs. Two types of boundary conditions, Dirichlet and Neumann, can be handled by the proposed technique. The boundary element method yields several advantages over the conventional finite-different and finite-element methods; including the reduction of the dimension of the problem by one, yielding more accurate results by using the analytical solutions of the governing equations as the weighting functions, no gird orientation and numerical dispersion effects, and flexibility of handling complex geometries and boundary conditions.; The developed algorithm is successfully applied to some simple cases with known analytical solutions including a finite linear aquifer, a horizontal well in closed reservoir, and a horizontal well in a multi-layer reservoir.; The developed algorithm is applied to generate the dimensionless pressure and the dimensionless pressure derivative for a horizontal well in eight different systems whose analytical solutions are not available. These cases include (1) a horizontal well in a two-layer reservoir, (2) a horizontal well in a two-layer reservoir with gas-cap drive, (3) a horizontal well in a two-layer reservoir with bottom-water drive, (4) a horizontal well in a two-layer reservoir with gas-cap and bottom-water drives, (5) a horizontal well intersecting a two-layer reservoir, (6) a snake-shape horizontal well in a two-layer reservoir, (7) a horizontal well intersecting a three-layer reservoir, and (8) a vertical well intersecting a two-layer reservoir without cross flow. Their transient behaviors are studied in this work.; The step-by-step procedures for calculating reservoir parameters are developed in this work. The direct synthesis is applied to interpret pressure transient behavior of a horizontal well in complicated systems without type-curve matching. The conventional log-log, semi-log, and the Cartesian plots are used in this work. The procedure is illustrated by numerical examples.
机译:由于水平井数量的增加,最近对水平井的压力瞬态分析进行了广泛的关注。水平井测试数据的解释比垂直井的解释困难得多。由于存在非均质性,单层模型的应用无法解释储层性质。对于具有复杂井眼构造和边界条件的多层油藏水平井,数值方法是必不可少的。提出了一种求解多层油藏压力瞬变行为的边界元方法。所提出的技术可以处理两种类型的边界条件,Dirichlet和Neumann。与传统的有限差分法和有限元法相比,边界元法具有许多优势。包括将问题的范围缩小一倍,通过将控制方程的解析解用作加权函数来获得更准确的结果,没有网格方向和数值色散效应,并且可以灵活处理复杂的几何形状和边界条件。所开发的算法已成功应用于具有已知分析解决方案的一些简单情况,包括有限线性含水层,封闭油藏中的水平井和多层油藏中的水平井。所开发的算法适用于在没有解析解的八个不同系统中为水平井生成无量纲压力和无量纲压力导数。这些情况包括(1)两层油藏中的水平井,(2)带气顶驱动的两层油藏中的水平井,(3)带底水的两层油藏中的水平井(4)使用气顶和底水驱动的两层油藏中的水平井,(5)与两层油藏相交的水平井,(6)两层油藏中的蛇形水平井。 (7)水平井与三层储层相交,(8)垂直井与两层储层相交而没有错流。他们的瞬态行为在这项工作中进行了研究。在这项工作中,开发了用于计算储层参数的分步程序。直接合成用于解释在没有类型曲线匹配的复杂系统中水平井的压力瞬变行为。在这项工作中使用了常规的对数对数,半对数和笛卡尔图。数值示例说明了该过程。

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