Development of an implicitly coupled electromechanical and electromagnetic transients simulator for power systems.

摘要

The simulation of electrical power system dynamic behavior is done using transient stability simulators (TS) and electromagnetic transient simulators (EMT). A Transient Stability simulator, running at large time steps, is used for studying relatively slower dynamics e.g. electromechanical interactions among generators and can be used for simulating large-scale power systems. In contrast, an electromagnetic transient simulator models the same components in finer detail and uses a smaller time step for studying fast dynamics e.g. electromagnetic interactions among power electronics devices. Simulating large-scale power systems with an electromagnetic transient simulator is computationally inefficient due to the small time step size involved. A hybrid simulator attempts to interface the TS and EMT simulators running at different time steps. By modeling the bulk of the large-scale power system in a transient stability simulator and a small portion of the system in an electromagnetic transient simulator, the fast dynamics of the smaller area could be studied in detail, while providing a global picture of the slower dynamics for the rest of power system.;In the existing hybrid simulation interaction protocols, the two simulators run independently, exchanging solutions at regular intervals. However, the exchanged data is accepted without any evaluation, so errors may be introduced. While such an explicit approach may be a good strategy for systems in steady state or having slow variations, it is not an optimal or robust strategy if the voltages and currents are varying rapidly, like in the case of a voltage collapse scenario.;This research work proposes an implicitly coupled solution approach for the combined transient stability and electromagnetic transient simulation. To combine the two sets of equations with their different time steps, and ensure that the TS and EMT solutions are consistent, the equations for TS and coupled-in-time EMT equations are solved simultaneously. While computing a single time step of the TS equations, a simultaneous calculation of several time steps of the EMT equations is proposed.;Along with the implicitly coupled solution approach, this research work also proposes to use a three-phase representation of the TS network instead of using a positive-sequence balanced representation, as done in the existing transient stability simulators.;Furthermore a parallel implementation of the three-phase transient stability simulator and the implicitly coupled electromechanical and electromagnetic transients simulator, using the high performance computing library PETSc, is presented. Results of experimentation with different reordering strategies, linear solution schemes, and preconditioners are discussed for both sequential and parallel implementation.