Noninvasive transdermal glucose monitoring using a fluorescent glucose binding protein.

摘要

The current technology for determining infant glucose levels uses either a bedside glucose analyzer or a laboratory enzymatic method, which subjects the infant to pain from multiple invasive blood draws. A non-invasive method for neonatal glucose monitoring would be desirable.;We exploit transepidermal water loss (TEWL) to detect skin glucose using modified glucose binding protein (GBP) and correlate with blood glucose. This GBP-based assay is four orders of magnitude more sensitive than prior methods.;A membrane-covered glucose solution chamber is used as a human blood-skin model. Cellulose acetate and porcine ear skin are used as in vitro models for human skin. We successfully demonstrate that surface glucose concentration is proportional to internal concentration for both models.;An optimum noninvasive protocol is created using adult volunteers. The GBP detects skin glucose at low concentrations, which correlates well to blood glucose. The GBP assay shows comparable results to the standard analytical method using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC).