Active acoustical impedance using distributed electrodynamic transducers

摘要

New miniaturization and integration capabilities available from the emerging MEMS technology will allow silicon-based artificial skins involving thousands of elementary actuators to be developed in the near future. SMART structures combining large arrays of elementary motion pixels coated with macroscopic components are thus being studied so that fundamental properties such as shape, stiffness, color, and even reflectivity of light and sound could be dynamically adjusted. This paper investigates acoustic impedance capabilities of a set of distributed transducers connected with suitable controlling laws. Basically, we search to design an integrated electro-mechanical system which presents a global behavior with appropriate acoustical characteristics. This problem is intrinsically connected with the control of multi physical system based on PDE and with the notion of multi-scaled physics when we dispose MEMS devices. By using specific techniques based on partial differential equation control theory, we have first build a simple boundary control equation able to annihilate wave reflection. The obtained control strategies can also be discretized to be implemented like a zero or first order spatial operator. Thus, we can use quasi-collocated transducers and their well-known poles-zeros interlacing property to guarantee robust stability. This paper aims at showing in a first part how a well controlled semi-distributed active skin can substantially modify transmissibility or reflectivity of the corresponding homogeneous wall. In a second part numerical and experimental results underline the capabilities of the method. Finally efficiency of such a device is compared theoretically with those obtained by classical x-filtered LMS strategy.