MEASUREMENT OF FLOW THROUGH HYPODERMIC NEEDLES WITH MODIFIED ENTRANCES FOR REDUCED HEMOLYSIS

摘要

These experimentally determined flow velocities in needles with modified entrance geometries validate the trends found previously in CFD simulations, confirming that entrance losses in hypodermic needles represent a significant portion of the overall losses through the needles. Because the modified entrance geometries affect both the mean velocity through the needle and the distribution of stresses near the entrance, these conditions present challenging benchmark cases suitable for testing hemolysis prediction models.