We propose a neural network based on image synthesis, histogram adaptive quantization and the discrete cosine transformation (DCT) for object recognition with luminance, rotation and location invariance. An efficient representation of the invariant features is constructed using a three-dimensional memory structure. The performance of luminance and rotation invariance is illustrated by reduced error rates in face recognition. The error rate of using a two-dimensional DCT is improved from 13.6% to 2.4% with the aid of the proposed image synthesis procedure. The 2.4% error rate is better than all previously reported results using Karhunen-Loeve (1990) transform convolution networks and eigenface models. In using the DCT, our approach also enjoys the additional advantage of greatly reduced computational complexity.
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