The objective of this study was to develop a reliable and general formula for the prediction of bed-load transport under a wide range of conditions. More than 1000 steady and 500 oscillatory flow cases compiled from the literature were used in the study. The relationship between the bed-load transport and the total Shields parameter to the power 1.5 was first confirmed for steady flow with an exponential factor to take into account the e ect of the critical Shields parameter. The proposed formula for the steady current was then expanded and generalized to take into account the e ects of oscillatory flow as well as oscillatory flow with a superimposed current at an arbitrary angle. Particular attention was paid to phase-lag e ects in the sheet-flow regime by introducing an additional parameter.
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