Parental Occupational Exposure to Potential Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Adverse Birth Outcomes, and Effects of Multi-Vitamin Supplements

摘要

Objectives: To assess the combined effects of maternal and paternal occupational exposure to EDCs on adverse birth outcomes, and further explore if folic acid and multi-vitamin supplements modified the effects. Methods: In a prospective study from Dec 2011 to Dec 2014 in Guangzhou, China, a total of 5734 parent-child pairs were included. Questionnaire designed according to job exposure matrix (JEM) was applied to collect parental occupational EDCs exposure history. We performed logistic regression to estimate the associations between parental EDCs exposure and adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth (PTB), term low birth weight (LBW), birth defects and congenital heart disease (CHD), and further explored whether the associations differed by maternal folic acid and multi-vitamin supplement during pregnancy. Results: Maternal exposure to EDCs was associated with increased risk of birth defects (aOR=1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-2.38), exposure for more than 1.5 years and direct exposure increased this association, the aOR and 95% CI were 2.72 (1.53-4.86) and 2.12 (1.27-3.56), respectively, the effect was stronger among those without using multi-vitamin during pregnancy (aOR=2.35, 95%CI: 1.16-4.72) (Interaction P<0.05). Maternal EDCs exposure for more than 1.5 years and direct exposure increased risk of CHD, the aOR and 95% CI were 2.85 (1.43-5.66) and 2.35 (1.31-4.22), respectively, the risk was also higher among those without multi-vitamin supplements (aOR=2.57, 95%CI: 1.13-5.82) (Interaction P<0.05). Paternal occupational EDCs exposure was associated with increased risk of term LBW (aOR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.02-2.39); this risk was higher among mothers who not using multi-vitamin supplements (aOR=1.35(95%CI:1.01-1.79) (Interaction P=0.03). Conclusion: Maternal EDCs exposure is associated with birth defects and CHD while paternal exposure is associated with term LBW. These associations were slightly higher among mothers without multi-vitamin supplements.