Exact BER Computation for Cross QAM Constellations

摘要

When the number of bits per symbol is odd, the peak andrnaverage power of transmission can be reduced by using cross quadraturernamplitude modulations (QAMs) instead of rectangular QAMs. However,rnsince perfect Gray coding is not possible for cross QAMs, using SmithstylernGray coding, we derive in this paper the exact bit error rate for crossrnQAM constellations over additive white Gaussian noise and Rayleighrnfading channels.